https://jsa.uok.ac.ir/ School Administration en daily 1 Wed, 01 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0330 Wed, 01 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0330 https://jsa.uok.ac.ir/article_64709.html Objective: The aim was to design and validate a practical coaching guide for Iranian secondary schools based on the most recent documents in the world. Therefore, this study attempts to provide a practical model for implementing educational coaching at the school level by utilizing global experiences and Iranian cultural requirements.Method: The research is qualitative and multi-stage. In the first step, the desired status of school coaching in international documents and sources was examined using the document analysis method. In the second step, based on the findings, a practical coaching guide was compiled in three sections and ten chapters. In the third step, the initial version was content-validated with the opinions of experts in the fields of coaching.Results: The results showed that the designed guide has a rich content and standard framework. The detailed findings of the research led to the identification of four fundamental axes in the practical guide that form the main body of the model: 1. Learning-centered goal setting; 2. Reflective dialogue; 3. Structured feedback cycles; and 4. Collaborative learning. Also, the findings showed that the content validity of this guide was assessed by experts at a high level, and components such as "transparency of implementation protocols", "compliance with the Iranian schools' educational calendar", and "providing valid assessment tools" were identified as the main strengths of the guide.Conclusions: In general, the designed guide can provide an effective framework as an operational roadmap to enhance teachers' professional capabilities and change the paradigm from control-oriented supervision to development-oriented support. Institutionalizing this guide in secondary schools will create a sustainable path to improve the quality of teaching and ultimately the academic achievement of students in the Iranian educational context. https://jsa.uok.ac.ir/article_64699.html This study aims to investigate the role of job enthusiasm, commitment ‎to change ‎and hardiness ‎in the productivity ‎of human resources of school administrators. The ‎research was of a fundamental purpose and a ‎correlational ‎descriptive method. The ‎statistical population was 331 ‎principals of schools in Khoy city in 2023. The ‎research ‎participants were ‎‎181 principals who were estimated by Morgan's table ‎and selected by ‎simple random sampling. ‎To collect data, questionnaires of ‎job ‎enthusiasm, commitment to change, hardiness ‎and productivity ‎of ‎human ‎resources were used. Pearson's correlation coefficient and ‎multiple ‎regression analysis were used to test the ‎hypotheses. Data were analyzed using ‎SPSS26 software‏.‏‎ The results ‎showed that job enthusiasm, commitment to ‎change ‎and hardiness ‎have a positive and significant relationship with the productivity ‎of ‎human resources of ‎school principals (p<0.01). Hardiness ‎ with a beta ‎coefficient of 0.60 had the greatest effect and job enthusiasm ‎with a beta ‎coefficient of 0.37 ‎had the least effect on the productivity of human resources of ‎school principals. ‎Commitment to change had no ‎significant effect on the ‎productivity of human resources of school principals. ‎These three variables ‎were ‎able to explain 54% of the changes in human resources ‎productivity of ‎school ‎administrators. The results of the present study ‎indicate that principals with ‎high job enthusiasm and hardiness ‎‎improve the productivity of human resources in ‎the school ‎management system. ‎