Analyzing the Relationship between School Culture and School Cohesion with Principal Performance Based on Response to Environmental Needs with the Mediating Role of Ethical Commitment and Collective Effectiveness (Case Study of Urmia City Administrators)

School principals are one of the most important components of educational systems whose performance in responding to environmental needs as a key component of organizations is of particular importance and because of the basic functions of the role of management, if there is to be a change in education should start from management. Obviously, the successful realization of this important issue will require a deep understanding and understanding of the elements that affect the performance of managers. Managers' performance is defined as the overall expected values of the organization from the separate pieces of behavior that an individual performs over a period of time and is influenced by environmental needs. Hence, the concept of performance of managers based on environmental needs has been expressed as a new concept. This structure consists of three dimensions: conceptual, structural and functional. The conceptual dimension refers to the necessity and benefits of responding to the conditions and requirements arising in the changing external environment and internal organizational challenges. Any orientation, arrangements and internal and environmental mechanisms that will lead to timely and appropriate response are related to the structural dimension. The functional dimension refers to the set of activities and actions that are taken to advance and achieve accountability.The performance of managers is influenced by various individual and organizational factors, including the cohesion of the organization. Cohesion as one of the most important organizational factors plays an important role in the success of organizations.Each school has its own culture, influenced by the thoughts and actions of managers, teachers and students, and influences new members. The school's culture reflects the personality and identity of the school, and it is this feature that distinguishes a school from another school. School culture influences how students learn the teaching process and how parents support their school education programs.The school's cultural context involves the attitudes, styles, values and patterns governing the school, and they form a particular school culture. Collective Effectivenessis defined as the group's shared beliefs about the collective capacity to organize and run periods of activities needed to produce a high level of achievement. These shared beliefs are about goals, resource management and plans, strategies, and efforts. And the persistence of group members is effective. Ethical commitment is defined as a set of internalized normative pressures to act in a way that achieves organizational goals and interests. According to Allen & Meyer (2011), commitment includes three dimensions of emotional commitment, normative and continuous. Emotional commitment involves the emotional connection of employees to the organization so that people introduce themselves to the organization. Continuous commitment is the commitment of the individual to the organization based on the individual's understanding of the costs associated with leaving the organization. Normative commitment is the feeling of moral compulsion to stay in the organization.The aime of This research was to investigate the the Relationship between School Culture and School Cohesion with Principal Performance Based on Response to Environmental Needs with the Mediating Role of Ethical Commitment and Collective Effectiveness.
The research method is descriptive-correlation using the causal modeling method or structural equation model. statistical population of this study consists of all the managers of the first and second courses of high school in Urmia city which were about 1200 individuals.300 individuals were selected by morgan table and stratified random sampling method. Data collection tools were standard questionnaires of environmental responsiveness of Taghizadeh (1391), Tros et al (2004) school cohesion questionnare, Denison’s corporate (2000),  Belief in collective effectiveness of teachers by Shaun Muran and Bar (2004) and ethical commitment of Hashemi and et al (1395).The validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis. Reliability of the questionnaire are obtained by using Cronbach's alpha for the research variables 0.99  for School Culture, 0.80 for school cohesion , 0.81 for Collective Effectiveness, 0.93 for ethical commitment and 0.81 for function which is statistically acceptable.Structural equation modeling method was used to investigate the causal relationship between variables by the analyzing the way by using liseral  and spss software.
The research findings showed that fitting goodness indicators of model are well fitted and there is significant relationship between  variables. Results show that there is a positive structural relationship between organizational factors in managers’ performance and the mediating role of ethical commitment and collective effectiveness and the organizational factors can predict managers’ performance directly and indirectly through ethical commitment and team efficiency.
Regarding the findings of the research, Promotion of independent variables such as organizational factors such as culture and organizational cohesion by officials provides managers with efficiency and quality work processes because effective management depends on these underlying factors and they play an effective role in the performance of managers. They play. Therefore, the performance of managers as a behavioral system that is a better manifestation of the duties and tasks of managers in the organization can be predicted based on organizational factors. Among these, there are modifying factors such as moral commitment and group efficiency, each of which as an underlying factor enhances the existing impact and effects. Therefore, paying attention to predictable variables and modulating the performance of managers in the organization is inevitable. It is suggested that Managers at different levels of the education organization improve and enhance organizational and individual characteristics through a well-codified program that provides cohesion in the organization. It is suggested that; By involving individuals in administrative processes, agreeing on organizational goals and the values of the existing informal group, principals and school officials enhance cohesion in the organization so that they can improve the organization's performance in responding to environmental needs. It can create the necessary ground for more schools to remain in the environment. paying attention to predictable variables and modulating the performance of managers in the organization is inevitable. It is suggested that Managers at different levels of the education organization improve and enhance organizational and individual characteristics through a well-codified program that provides cohesion in the organization. It is suggested that; By involving individuals in administrative processes, agreeing on organizational goals and the values of the existing informal group, principals and school officials enhance cohesion in the organization so that they can improve the organization's performance in responding to environmental needs. It can create the necessary ground for more schools to remain in the environment.