Factor Structure Analysis of Power of Response to Environment Scale in Public Schools of Shiraz

Document Type : Quantitative Research Paper

Authors

1 دانشیار، گروه مدیریت و برنامه‌ریزی آموزشی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری، رشته مدیریت آموزشی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

Abstract

Factor Structure Analysis of Power of Response to Environment Scale in Public Schools of Shiraz

The main aim of this study was to Factor Structure Analysis of Power of Response to Environment Scale in Public Schools of Shiraz. Research instrument of Torkzadeh and Nekoumand of Power of Response to Environment scale (2015) and consists of 19 items with a Likert spectrum, and includes three sub-scales; conceptual, structural and functional. population included all primary and secondary school teachers in Shiraz of whom 369 people were selected by random-stratified sampling method (based on the educational course) and Cochran’s formula. To measure the validity of the questionnaire, two methods of cluster analysis and first order and second order confirmatory factor analysis were used and also Cronbach's alpha method was used to measure its reliability. Results of the item analysis indicated that each items has a significant correlation with the sub-scale of corresponding dimension. Result of the first and second order confirmatory factor analysis showed that each Items had a high degree of validity for explaining the corresponding dimension and Response to Environment. Also, based on the Cronbach's alpha values, the reliability of the scale and the corresponding sub-scales is desirable. Accordingly, this scale can be used to measure schools' power of response to environment.
Key words: Factor Structure Analysis, scale, Power of Response to Environment, public schools
Factor Structure Analysis of Power of Response to Environment Scale in Public Schools of Shiraz

The main aim of this study was to Factor Structure Analysis of Power of Response to Environment Scale in Public Schools of Shiraz. Research instrument of Torkzadeh and Nekoumand of Power of Response to Environment scale (2015) and consists of 19 items with a Likert spectrum, and includes three sub-scales; conceptual, structural and functional. population included all primary and secondary school teachers in Shiraz of whom 369 people were selected by random-stratified sampling method (based on the educational course) and Cochran’s formula. To measure the validity of the questionnaire, two methods of cluster analysis and first order and second order confirmatory factor analysis were used and also Cronbach's alpha method was used to measure its reliability. Results of the item analysis indicated that each items has a significant correlation with the sub-scale of corresponding dimension. Result of the first and second order confirmatory factor analysis showed that each Items had a high degree of validity for explaining the corresponding dimension and Response to Environment. Also, based on the Cronbach's alpha values, the reliability of the scale and the corresponding sub-scales is desirable. Accordingly, this scale can be used to measure schools' power of response to environment.
Key words: Factor Structure Analysis, scale, Power of Response to Environment, public schools

Factor Structure Analysis of Power of Response to Environment Scale in Public Schools of Shiraz

The main aim of this study was to Factor Structure Analysis of Power of Response to Environment Scale in Public Schools of Shiraz. Research instrument of Torkzadeh and Nekoumand of Power of Response to Environment scale (2015) and consists of 19 items with a Likert spectrum, and includes three sub-scales; conceptual, structural and functional. population included all primary and secondary school teachers in Shiraz of whom 369 people were selected by random-stratified sampling method (based on the educational course) and Cochran’s formula. To measure the validity of the questionnaire, two methods of cluster analysis and first order and second order confirmatory factor analysis were used and also Cronbach's alpha method was used to measure its reliability. Results of the item analysis indicated that each items has a significant correlation with the sub-scale of corresponding dimension. Result of the first and second order confirmatory factor analysis showed that each Items had a high degree of validity for explaining the corresponding dimension and Response to Environment. Also, based on the Cronbach's alpha values, the reliability of the scale and the corresponding sub-scales is desirable. Accordingly, this scale can be used to measure schools' power of response to environment.
Key words: Factor Structure Analysis, scale, Power of Response to Environment, public schools

Factor Structure Analysis of Power of Response to Environment Scale in Public Schools of Shiraz

The main aim of this study was to Factor Structure Analysis of Power of Response to Environment Scale in Public Schools of Shiraz. Research instrument of Torkzadeh and Nekoumand of Power of Response to Environment scale (2015) and consists of 19 items with a Likert spectrum, and includes three sub-scales; conceptual, structural and functional. population included all primary and secondary school teachers in Shiraz of whom 369 people were selected by random-stratified sampling method (based on the educational course) and Cochran’s formula. To measure the validity of the questionnaire, two methods of cluster analysis and first order and second order confirmatory factor analysis were used and also Cronbach's alpha method was used to measure its reliability. Results of the item analysis indicated that each items has a significant correlation with the sub-scale of corresponding dimension. Result of the first and second order confirmatory factor analysis showed that each Items had a high degree of validity for explaining the corresponding dimension and Response to Environment. Also, based on the Cronbach's alpha values, the reliability of the scale and the corresponding sub-scales is desirable. Accordingly, this scale can be used to measure schools' power of response to environment.
Key words: Factor Structure Analysis, scale, Power of Response to Environment, public schools

Keywords


Abasi, A. (2015). “Investigating the Relationship between Strategic Thinking and Response to Environment in Islamic Azad Universities of Fars Province”. Master’s thesis. Faculty of Education Sciences and Psychology, Shiraz University. [Persian].
Abdehsharifi, F. (2015). “Investigating the Relationship between Organizational Structure, Readiness for Change, and response to environment in Branches of Sepah Bank in Shiraz City”. Master’s thesis. Faculty of Education Sciences and Psychology, Shiraz University. [Persian].
Adeoye, A. O., & Elegunde, A. F. (2012). Impacts of external business environment on organisational performance in the food and beverage industry in Nigeria. British Journal of Arts and Social Sciences6(2), 56-65.
Akhavan, P., Sanjaghi, M., Rezaeenour, J., & Ojaghi, H. (2014). Examining the relationships between organizational culture, knowledge management and environmental responsiveness capability. VINE: The journal of information and knowledge management systems, 44(2), 228-248.
Andrews, R., & Johansen, M. (2012). Organizational Environments and Performance: A Linear or Nonlinear Relationship?. Public Organization Review, 12(2), 175-189.
Anselmi, L. (2003). Accountability a Fundamental need in modern democratic Public Administration, National school for Public An administration -Seminar Politics & institution. Italy & us: A Comparison. Available from: www. Sspa. It/ pdf/anselmi.pdf.
Ardalan, M., Beheshtirad, R., & Soltanzadeh, V. (2016). Possibility Establishment of Fast Response Organizations Based on Components of Organization Learning. Jornal of Executive Management, 8(15),13-28. [Persian]
Barati, A. (2015). “Investigating the relationship between leadership worldview, the ability to respond the nature and exterior image in Mehr Arvand higher education Institute”. Master’s thesis. Faculty of Education Sciences and Psychology, Shiraz University. [Persian]
Bhatt, G., Emdad, A., Roberts, N., & Grover, V. (2010). Building and leveraging information in dynamic environments: The role of IT infrastructure flexibility as enabler of organizational responsiveness and competitive advantage. Information & Management, 47(7), 341-349.
Bourgeois, L. J. (1980). Strategy and environment: A conceptual integration. Academy of management review, 5(1), 25-39.
Brown, L. D., & Moore, M. H. (2001). Accountability, strategy, and international nongovernmental organizations. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 30(3), 569-587.
Cummings, T. G., & Worley, C. G. (2014). Organization development and change. Cengage learning.
Durmuş-Özdemir, E.) 2019) Strategic Responses of Banks to Their Institutional Environment. Journal of Yaşar University14, 154-163.
Frishammar, J. (2006). Organizational environment revisited: a conceptual review and integration. International Studies of Management & Organization, 36(3), 22-49.
Habibi, N., Vazifedoost, H., & Jafari, P. (2016). Components of Enhancing Social Responsibility in Islamic Azad University. Quarterly Journal of Research and Planning in Higher Education, 22(2), 125-145. [Persian]
Hall, A. T., Blass, F. R., Ferris, G. R., & Massengale, R. (2004). Leader reputation and accountability in organizations: Implications for dysfunctional leader behavior. The Leadership Quarterly, 15(4), 515-536.
Hatch, M. J., & Cunliffe, A. L. (2013). Organization theory: modern, symbolic and postmodern perspectives. Oxford university press.
Hoy, K. W., & Miskel, G. C. (2013). Educational Administration: Theory, Research, and Practice. McGraw Hill, Hill Companise Inc, 1221.
Hwang, K. (2013). The Impact of Accountability and Accountability Management on Performance at the Street Level (Doctoral dissertation, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University).
Macha, J., Mushi, H. P., & Borghi, J. (2011). Examining the links between accountability, trust and performance in health service delivery in Tanzania. London: Consortium for Research on Equitable Health Systems.
May, R. C., Stewart, W. H., & Sweo, R. (2000). Environmental scanning behavior in a transitional economy: evidence from Russia. Academy of Management Journal, 43(3), 403-427.
Miles, R. E., & Snow, C. (1978). Organisation strategy, structure, and processes. McGraw-Hill, New York, USA.
Murphy, J., & Datnow, A. (Eds.). (2003). Leadership lessons from comprehensive school  reforms. Corwin Press
Panahandeh, M. (2016). “The Relationship between Applying Employing Leadership Styles (Transformational and Action Centered) on Organizational Accountability of Managers and Employees of Islamic Azad University”. MA thesis in Business Management, Islamic Azad University of Tehran, central branch.Tehran. [Persian]
Pasricha, P., Singh, B., & Verma, P. (2017). Ethical leadership, organic organizational cultures and corporate social responsibility: An empirical study in social enterprises. Journal of Business Ethics, 1-18.
Razi, E. (2016). “The Mediating Role of Response to Environment in the Relationship between Organizational Solidarity and External Image”. Master’s thesis. Faculty of Education Sciences and Psychology, Shiraz University. [Persian]
Singh, P. J., Power, D., & Chuong, S. C. (2011). A resource dependence theory perspective of ISO 9000 in managing organizational environment. Journal of Operations Management, 29(1), 49-64.
Taghizadeh, S. (2012).“Development and presentation of a Model for assessing and developing university empowerment (A Case study of Shiraz University)”. Master’s thesis. Faculty of Education Sciences and Psychology, Shiraz University. [Persian]
Torkzadeh, J. (2009). Identifying and Analyzing the Challenges of the Islamic Management Development: A System Model. Yas Strategic Journal, No. 19, 131-146. [Persian]
Torkzadeh, J., & Nekomand, S. (2014). Response to Environment, Main Challenge of Universities in Current Circumstances (Development of a Behavioral System). Summary of the 2nd National Conference Articles on Applied Research in Management and Accounting Sciences. March, 2014. [Persian]
Torkzadeh, J., & Nekoomand, S. (2015). Validating the scale of university's power of response to environment. Asian Journal of Research in Social Sciences and Humanities, 5(8), 241-252.
Torkzadeh, J., Sabaghiyan. Z., Yamani Dozakhi Sorkhabi, M., & Delavar, A. (2008). Evaluating the Condition of Organizational Development of Ministry of Science, Research and Technology in Tehran. Journal of Iran's Higher Education, 1(2), 31-50. [Persian]
Tuan Mat, T. Z., & Smith, M. (2014). Management accounting and organizational change: impact of alignment of management accounting system, structure and strategy on performance. Jornal of Applied Management Accounting Reasearch, 12(1).
van Bussel, G. J. (2012). Reconstructing the past for organizational accountability. Electronic Journal of Information Systems Evaluation, 15(1), 127
Verdú, A. J., & Gómez-Gras, J. M. (2009). Measuring the organizational responsiveness through managerial flexibility. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 22(6), 668-690
Voiculet, A., Belu, N., Parpandel, D. E., & Rizea, I. C. (2010). The impact of external environment on organizational development strategy.
Wambua, T. M., & Munyoki, P. (2017). Strategic Responses by NGOs in the Health Sector in Nairobi to Challenges in the External Environment. International Journal of Business Strategies1(2), 83-106.
Wei, Y. S., & Wang, Q. (2011). Making sense of a market information system for superior performance: The roles of organizational responsiveness and innovation strategy. Industrial Marketing Management, 40(2), 267-277
Yu, J., Lo, C. W. H., & Li, P. H. Y. (2017). Organizational visibility, stakeholder environmental pressure and corporate environmental responsiveness in China. Business Strategy and the Environment26(3), 371-384.