Phenomenological analysis of the factors affecting the improvement of public participation in school sports

Introduction
Public participation has been considered as an important and key issue in recent years in various fields. In other words, the development of public participation at the international level and its positive functions has caused public participation to have appropriate capacities. Public participation means using the capacities of individuals to develop a field or a program. Public participation is the use of the financial, intellectual and spiritual capacities of others to complete or develop various activities. In the last few decades, due to the increasing emphasis on the involvement of people in decision-making and given the importance of public opinion in development planning, the concept of public participation has been considered. Gradually, the concept of popular participation has been transformed from a symbolic state into a practical one. One of the important functions of public participation is in the field of school sports. Sporty Yar charities engage in charitable activities that move towards the development of sports resources in our country. Activities that, if further supported and supported by the government; it will also play a significant role in promoting Iranian sports. Even in a situation where due to the extent of the government's sports activities, the government alone is not able to provide good quality and quantity services without the participation of the people. On the other hand, it should not be forgotten that this part of the popular support is only to create a suitable platform for the development of sports spaces and facilities, and the donors are not looking for personal choice.
Methodology
The present study was one of the qualitative researches that was conducted in the field. Qualitative part: The qualitative method used in the present study was phenomenological. Phenomenology studies the actual experiences of individuals, and it is believed that there are substances in these experiences that can be understood and studied. Participants in the present study included individuals who participated voluntarily in school sports. Participants in this study were sampled using purposive sampling with homogeneous sampling approach and at the same time with maximum diversity. This issue was formed until the theoretical saturation was reached. Finally, 15 interviews were conducted in this regard. The data collection tool in the present study was a semi-structured interview. Semi-structured interviews are one of the most common types of interviews used in qualitative research.
Research Findings
The descriptive results of the study showed that the participants included 66.7% male and 33.3% female. Also, among these research samples, people with a doctoral degree with 46.7% have the highest number. Descriptive results showed that fruiting individuals over the age of 50 years with 46.7% had the highest frequency. The results showed that there are 4 main themes and 16 sub-themes. According to the results of the present study, the factors affecting the improvement of public participation in school sports were identified in 4 sections, including individual aspects, socio-cultural issues, and management issues and sports facts. In other words, paying attention to the identified factors can provide the basis for improving public participation in school sports.
Discussion and conclusion
Public participation is identified as one of the management tools in the present age. The functions of public participation in attracting financial resources, improving the human condition, as well as utilizing the existing organizational and non-organizational potentials have caused the managers of organizations to try to develop it. Promoting public participation can also lead to environmental dynamism and increased social interaction. This has led to the identification of public participation as a key issue in the management system of advanced societies. On the other hand, school sports as a basis for the development of sports in societies more than ever needs a fundamental development and transformation. This issue is understood in Iran more than any other country due to lack of investment and long-term planning. In other words, in order to develop school sports, it is necessary to completely eliminate the existing problems and limitations. This issue has led to the present study was designed and implemented with the aim of factors affecting the development of public participation in school sports. The results of the present study showed that a total of four general factors including individual aspects, socio-cultural issues, and management issues and sports facts were identified as effective factors in the development of public participation in school sports. In other words, in the development of public participation in school sports, serious attention should be paid to individual aspects, socio-cultural issues, managerial issues and sports facts. According to the results of the present study on the existence of factors related to sports facts in order to improve public participation in school sports, it is suggested that by writing about the situation of school sports and identifying its common problems, the primary concern is to attract volunteers to school sports. Appeared. It is also suggested to create a platform to visit the teacher sports to create transparency about the current state of school sports. According to the results of the present study on the existence of factors related to management issues in order to improve public participation in school sports, it is suggested that by monitoring the material and human resources absorbed and proper use of these resources, to promote public trust to improve public participation in sports Schools took action. Also, according to the results of the present study on the existence of factors related to socio-cultural issues in order to improve public participation in school sports, it is suggested to control cultural differences in schools to attract all individual and group capacities to develop public participation in school sports. Provided. In this regard, it is also suggested to use the prominent and influential figures of the country in school sports, to provide the ground for attracting public participation in school sports. According to the results of the present study on the existence of factors related to individual issues in order to improve public participation in school sports, it is suggested that the management of individual differences in schools between students and the participants themselves try to use the existing capacity in this regard. In order to conduct the present study, there were some limitations, such as the lack of accurate statistics and information on the amount and performance of public participation in school sports, as well as the low research spirit of some participants in the study.