Analysis of Factors Influencing Dropout Rates Among Students in Physical Education Schools in Kurdistan Province

Document Type : Qualitative Research Paper

Authors

1 Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Kurdistan

2 PhD student in Physical Education, University of Kurdistan

3 Master's degree student in Physical Education, Azad University

10.22034/jsa.2025.142996.2563

Abstract

This research aimed to investigate the factors contributing to dropout rates among students in physical education high schools in Kurdistan province. The study employed a qualitative approach, specifically utilizing the systematic data-based strategy developed by Strauss and Corbin. Sixteen male students were purposefully selected based on theoretical saturation. Data collection methods included semi-structured interviews, online media analysis, and document reviews. Following the extraction of perspectives from the qualitative interview texts, the content of these texts, along with online media and documents, was analyzed using a three-stage coding process: open, axial, and selective coding. Initially, 332 open codes were identified, which were subsequently refined to 234 primary codes and 20 axial codes by eliminating redundancies. To ensure the reliability and validity of the data, several strategies were implemented, including rigorous research stages, author characteristics, resource enrichment, data triangulation, and participant validation. The findings revealed that causal factors for dropout included internal demotivation, family financial difficulties, and peer pressure. Background factors consisted of an inappropriate family atmosphere, parental illiteracy, and discrepancies in societal literacy. Intervention factors contributing to dropout included parental coercion regarding education and inadequate school facilities and infrastructure. Proposed strategies to reduce dropout rates encompass support from school staff, attention to students facing challenges, and fostering teacher empathy. Ultimately, the consequences of student dropout include diminished social competencies and negative attitudes toward education.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

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History

  • Receive Date: 27 November 2025
  • Revise Date: 15 February 2025
  • Accept Date: 08 March 2025

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